Then they can click to see the fastest, cheapest or shortest routes between the two cities and compare them. On the eastern slope there sits a theater which probably seated around 5,000 people, suggesting a total population of 25,00030,000 people. Last updated: 9 Feb 2023
Papyrus 46, from 200 AD or earlier and found in distant Egypt, is a copy of Colossians that has preserved almost the entire letter, indicating the antiquity and authenticity of the Letter to the Colossians. 8Cf. Get driving directions days by . Hence, all three letters were written and sent at the same time. 4 - Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices for each item listed. [3][4] At Colossae, Herodotus describes how, "the river Lycos falls into an opening of the earth and disappears from view, and then after an interval of about five furlongs it comes up to view again, and this river also flows into the Maiander. Make yourself known to an official member of staff and/or call the national coronavirus helpline number on 1500. It is the secret program that the ascended Lord Jesus Christ committed first to the Apostle Paul, and the same program He then revealed to all of mankind by the Holy Spirit through Pauls epistles, Romans through Philemon. Learn how your comment data is processed. Rome2rio displays up to date schedules, route maps, journey times and estimated fares from relevant transport operators, ensuring you can make an informed decision about which option will suit you best. At the same time, he must not have been in Colossae at the time of his conversion, for Paul had not yet been to Colossae (cf. The Byzantines also built the church of St. Michael in the vicinity of Colossae, one of the largest church buildings in the Middle East. Although Colossae was possibly the smallest of the three cities in the valley, the letter was sent to the church there because of the personal connections of Paul to Epaphras, Philemon, and Onesimus, and because Onesimus was returning to Philemon in Colossae with Tychius (Colossians 4:7-9; Philemon 10). Whatever else this indicates, it is evident that Philippians cannot be dated at the same time as the other three epistles; (4) the final proof is that Paul sends Epaphroditus to the Philippians (Phil 2:25-30) with the epistle, while he is still with Paul when the apostle wrote the other three letters. The Colosseum or Coliseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheatre, is an oval amphitheatre in the centre of the city of Rome, Italy. From the baths at Colossae, which were probably attached to a gymnasium, a Greek inscription appears to list many citizens from the 1st and 2nd centuries, with a section honoring a contributor named Korumbos who gave money for repairs (Cadwallader and Trainor, Colossae in Space and Time: Linking to an Ancient City). Further modifications were made during the reign of Domitian (8196). Your email address will not be published. NY 10036. The town was known for its fusion of religious influences (syncretism), which included Jewish, Gnostic, and pagan influences that, in the first century AD, were described as an angel-cult. ', 'Should I book online before I travel? And if so, then Paul most likely was elsewhere when all three letters were sent. Mishnaic Hebrew extinct as a spoken language by the 5th century CE, surviving as a liturgical language along with Biblical Hebrew for Judaism. In the centuries before Jesus' birth, the city had been an important, well-populated stop on the trade route from Ephesus to the Euphrates. He admonishes the group for not publishing their computer code, too. The coins demonstrate typical Hellenistic and Roman religion, plus local Phrygian deities worshiped in the region. On behalf of Rome, however, is an important internal clue: Luke is with Paul during his imprisonment (Col 4:14; Phm 24). In rare case, mother delivers two sets of identical twins, back to back, Rare black hole 1 billion times the mass of the sun could upend our understanding of galaxy formation, 'Brain-eating' amoeba case in Florida potentially tied to unfiltered water in sinus rinse, Painful 'cross-shaped incision' in medieval woman's skull didn't kill her, but second surgery did, Largest asteroid ever to hit Earth was twice as big as the rock that killed off the dinosaurs, The early universe was crammed with stars 10,000 times the size of our sun, new study suggests, Giant ancient fish that likely preyed on humans' ancestors unearthed in South Africa, 3 million years ago, this brutish giant petrel likely eviscerated dead seals with its knife-like beak, The ultimate action-packed science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about the universe, Subscribe today and save an extra 5% with checkout code 'LOVE5', Engaging articles, amazing illustrations & exclusive interviews, Issues delivered straight to your door or device. Yes - Wi-Fi is available on both Frecciarossa and Frecciargento services, and may be accessed free of charge. The social distance requirement in Colosseum is 1.5 metres. His review appeared May 4 in the Editor's Choice column in Digital Humanities Now. The body of the letter is an appeal that Philemon would take back Onesimusbut as a brother rather than as a slave (8-22). Michael. A paper map can show how far two cities are from one another, but in a world of sailing ships and donkey trains, the shortest route wasn't necessarily the one people would use. Asia is the largest and most populous continent, home to the largest (Russia) and most populous (China) nations. How many miles are between Paris and Italy? Turkey is a transcontinental country located in both Asia and Europe. For other maps of the Roman Empire have a look at: We use cookies. Unlike in most European languages, words are written from right to left. Rome2rio is a door-to-door travel information and booking engine, helping you get to and from any location in the world. Lebanon and Syria border it to the north, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the southwest and the Red Sea to the south. Services depart hourly, and operate every day. Therefore, a considerable population of Jews, along with synagogues, would have been present in the area during the 1st century AD. Select an option below to see step-by-step directions and to compare ticket prices and travel times in Rome2rio's travel planner. A softUsvista Inc. venture! Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? Epaphras is mentioned three times in the New Testament, twice in Colossians and once in Philemon. Find the travel option that best suits you. Before deciding on this issue, it must first be recognized that, on the assumption of authenticity, where Paul was when he wrote Ephesians is where he was when he wrote Colossians and Philemon. Cadmus. ', 'How much should I expect to pay? [17] This unorthodox cult venerated the archangel Michael, who is said to have caused a curative spring to gush from a fissure in the earth. Nearby Laodicea was established in the 3rd century BC, taken over by Rome in 133 BC, and soon after the major road was relocated through Laodicea, bypassing Colossae and contributing to the rise of Laodicea and the decline of Colossae. The Freedom of Onesimus Suggested (12-16), B. Philemons Reception of Onesimus (17-22), 1. The model is based on a simplified version of the giant network of cities, roads, rivers and sea lanes that framed movement across the Roman Empire. 6Marcions Prologue places Paul in Ephesus for the writing of Colossians, but it places him in Rome for the writing of Philemon. In the past Asia Minor was a meeting point for travelers passing between Asia and Europe. Contrast that with Travel Times From London in 2016 vs 1914. Tickets cost 1 - 7 and the journey takes 10 min. Do clownfish have a skeleton or exoskeleton. The total driving Distance from Rome to Colossae is 2111.0 Kms Or 1311.714181 Miles . But since Colossae was the opposite direction from Spain, and since we have some reason to believe that Paul traveled to Spain right after Rome, my guess is that Paul decided to forgo the visit to Philemon until after he completed his mission to Spain. Some services may offer restaurant, FRECCIABistro or pre-booked, in-seat meal options. Depending on the vehicle you choose to travel, you can calculate the amount of CO2 emissions from your vehicle and assess the environment impact. The Roman Forum, also known by its Latin name Forum Romanum (Italian: Foro Romano), is a rectangular forum (plaza) surrounded by the ruins of several important ancient government buildings at the center of the city of Rome. Tickets cost R$ 40-R$ 55 and the journey takes 32 min. Official Coronavirus (COVID-19) Information for Vatican, Colosseum to Hotel Kennedy Rome Lazio Italy, Colosseum to Hotel Prati Rome Lazio Italy, Colosseum to Via Nazionale Campania Italy, Colosseum to I love Testaccio Whole Apartment in the City Center Rome, Colosseum to The Tribune part of JdV by Hyatt Rome, Colosseum to Best Western Hotel Artdeco Rome, Colosseum to San Pietro Vernotico Station, Colosseum to NH Collection Roma Vittorio Veneto Rome, Hilton Garden Inn Rome Airport Fiumicino to Vatican Country, Leon s Place Hotel In Rome to Vatican Country, Holiday Inn Rome Eur Parco Dei Medici an IHG Hotel to Vatican Country, Via Nazionale Lazio Italy to Vatican Country, Hotel Forum Rome Lazio Italy to Vatican Country, Hotel Alexandra Rome Lazio Italy to Vatican Country, Best Western Ars Hotel Rome to Vatican Country, Best Western Hotel Rivoli Rome to Vatican Country, Castro Pretorio Station to Vatican Country, NH Collection Roma Vittorio Veneto Rome to Vatican Country. Construction began under the emperor Vespasian in AD 72, and was completed in AD 80 under his successor and heir Titus. The Eternal City celebrates its long and rich history with monuments that take you back in time to the powerful Roman Empire. The map above is an Isochrone map which shows how long it would have taken someone to travel from Rome to the farthest reaches of the Roman Empire at its peak (roughly 200 CE/AD). He is mainly involved in weightlifting. From this Philemon should certainly read between the lines: it would be most prudent to heed Pauls advice since Paul will follow up on the suggestion in person (22)! All Frecce tickets include a seat reservation and must be purchased before boarding the train. English is widely spoken and understood, and Arabic is the daily language and language of instruction for Israels Arabic citizens. However, surface surveys and discoveries at the site have yielded around 30 inscriptions, over 150 coins, and the identification of a few structures (Cadwallader, Revisiting Calder on Colossae; Yamauchi, Archaeology of New Testament Cities in Western Asia Minor). Yes, the driving distance between Rome Airport to Colosseum is 28 km. With an allusion to Philemons conversion and hence changed character, the appeals persuasive force begins to gain momentum (10-11). ', 'Do the trains and buses have Wifi?' When Dwight Eisenhower gave the Atoms for Peace speech what constructive use of nuclear energy was he introducing? Future US, Inc. Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, It was one of a triad of cities in the area (the other two being Laodicea and Hierapolis), resting at the foot of Mount Cadmus.Its biblical significance lies in the fact that the book of Colossians was addressed to the church here (Col 1:2) and that . The city was decimated by an earthquake in the 60s AD, and was rebuilt independent of the support of Rome. To the best of our knowledge, it is correct as of the last update.Visit Rome2rio travel advice for general help. The Christian who brought the Gospel to Colossae and the surrounding area and continued to be a leader in the church, Epaphras, had a name which has been found on a few Roman period inscriptions and seems to be a shortened form of Epaphroditus (Colossians 1:7, 4:12; Philemon 23; Philippians 2:25, 4:18; MAMA 6.15; Arndt et al., A Greek-English Lexicon). [27], The Apostolic Constitutions list Philemon as a bishop of Colossae. Geographically, it belongs to the Asian continent and is part of the Middle East region. Restrictions may also be in place for other modes of transport. The traditional view that this letter was written while Paul was in a Roman prison has been assailed from two corners: some claim Ephesus is a better starting point, others suggest Caesarea. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Find all the transport options for your trip from Rome Airport to Colosseum right here. We really have no idea why Onesimus came to Paul, nor how. Col 1:4; 2:1). Live Science is part of Future US Inc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. Rome2rio is a door-to-door travel information and booking engine, helping you get to and from any location in the world. Yet, since both of these must surely have been written at the same time, Marcion can only be half right. Services require either a mobile phone number or credit card for verification purposes and allow access for 24 hours. The Basis: Paul as Cosigner for Onesimus (17-21), 2. Additionally, the large sum confiscated by proconsul Flacus in Laodicea about 62 BC from the Temple tax suggests a significant population of Jews in the Lycus valley (Cicero, Pro Flacco). ", This page was last edited on 24 October 2022, at 22:24. First, it is widely believed that the plutonium for Israels nuclear weapons program was produced at the Negev Nuclear Research Center near the city of Dimona. The best way to get from Colosseum to Vatican without a car is to subway which takes 3 min and costs 2. For the latest travel status, please check the official page for Vatican. Consequently, if there is anything in either Colossians or Philemon which helps to narrow down where Paul was imprisoned at the time of writing, such would equally apply to Ephesians. Alternatively, TerraVision IT operates a bus from Rome Fiumicino Airport Terminal 3 to Rome Termini via Giolitti hourly. Your trip begins at Rome. ORBIS shows likely routes based on conditions 2,000 years ago. ); (3) Only Timothy is with Paul when he wrote Philippians (Phil 2:19-21), while Luke, Demas, Aristarchus, Mark, and Epaphras are with him when he wrote Colossians-Ephesians-Philemon (cf. Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Gertrude Bell's Resolution of a Disputed Inscription", "Colossians 1:1 Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Timothy our brother, 2 To God's holy people in Colossae, the faithful brothers and sisters in Christ", "Background on Colossae and the Colossians | Bible Commentary | Theology of Work", Chelae on the Asian coast of the Bosphorus, Chelae on the European coast of the Bosphorus, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Colossae&oldid=1118044381, 12th-century disestablishments in the Byzantine Empire, Populated places disestablished in the 12th century, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles needing additional references from February 2016, All articles needing additional references, Articles covered by WikiProject Wikify from February 2016, All articles covered by WikiProject Wikify, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles to be expanded from February 2016, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from February 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2016, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from Easton's Bible Dictionary, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from February 2016, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Bennett, Andrew Lloyd. Early, according to both Herodotus and Xenophon, it was a place of great importance. [16] Paul's letter to the Colossians points to the existence of an early Christian community. Book of Enoch for visions). Rome2rio displays up to date schedules, route maps, journey times and estimated fares from relevant transport operators, ensuring you can make an informed decision about which option will suit you best. Rome2rio also offers online bookings for selected operators, making reservations easy and straightforward. Col 4:10-14; Phm 23-24). 9This, of course, is not at all a necessary suggestion, but is purely conjecture. Rome to Colossae are 2110 Km by road. Colossae was located 120 miles (193 km) east of Ephesus in the Lycus River Valley in ancient Phrygia, part of the Roman territory of Asia Minor. Tychicus would first have to cross much of Italy on foot, then sail across the Adriatic Sea. What are the advantages and disadvantages of video capture hardware? They are connected by E90 highway. The nearby cities of Laodicea and Hierapolis, and likely Colossae, were damaged or destroyed by an earthquake in 17 AD, rebuilt, again damaged by an earthquake in about 60 AD or so, and then rebuilt once again (Tacitus, Annals; Eusebius, Chronicle; Orosius). They are 2343 kilometers away. Colosseum to Vatican train services, operated by ATAC S.p.A. Azienda per la mobilit, depart from Colosseo station. This may be related to repairs done to the city after the earthquake around 60 AD which did significant damage to the cities in the valley. Materials from the site and ancient references demonstrate that Colossae shared similarities with other cities in Asia minor during the Roman period, using Greek as the main language, having the typical building found in cities, issuing its own coinage, practicing polytheism, and living life according to typical Roman social and cultural norms. Then figure out what the total cost of the trip would be.? Around 400 BC, Xenophon called Colossae one of six large cities of Phrygia (Xenophon, Anabasis). He was Paul's servant to the churches of the Lycus Valley. (2) If the in Ephesus in Eph 1:1 is original, then this view is almost impossible; even if not original, there is the strong possibility that Ephesians was sent to the churches in Asia Minor (with Ephesus being the port of entry, giving cause for the traditional view). For other maps of the Roman Empire have a look at: And to learn even more about the Roman world have a look at: Filed Under: Europe, History Tagged With: rome, Your email address will not be published. [20], The canonical biblical text Epistle to the Colossians is addressed to the Christian community in Colossae. Lukes presence with Paul is supported by Acts while Paul was in Rome, whereas the Ephesian ministry of Paul does not occur in a we section and it may reasonably be doubted whether Luke was with Paul during this period.7. Domestic travel is not restricted, but some conditions may apply. When Paul finally wrote the letter to the Colossians, he was imprisoned, perhaps in in Caesarea, but more likely in Rome (Acts 28:30-31). Because it was initially assumed that the people of Hatti were identical to the Hetti of the Hebrew Bible, the term Hittite Empire is still today used to describe the Anatolian state. [22] It is believed that one aim of the letter was to address the challenges that the Colossian community faced in its context of the syncretistic Gnostic religions that were developing in Asia Minor.[17]. Hastings' Dictionary of the New Testament It was situated at the lower end of a narrow glen about 10 miles long. Now about one mile north of the village of Honaz, it is an abandoned ancient site. Mishnaic Hebrew extinct as a liturgical language along with synagogues, would have been present in the area the! Frecce tickets include a seat reservation and must be purchased before boarding the train is widely spoken and understood and... Of our knowledge, it is an abandoned ancient site boarding the train yes, the appeals persuasive begins! Largest ( Russia ) and most populous ( China ) nations transcontinental located! Must be purchased before boarding the train Prologue places Paul in Ephesus for writing... And leading Digital publisher Humanities Now include a seat reservation and must be purchased before boarding the.. On foot, then Paul most likely was elsewhere when all three letters were.! Daily language and language of instruction for Israels Arabic citizens correct as of the of! No idea why Onesimus came to Paul, nor how 25,00030,000 people China distance from colossae to rome nations AD under. ( 12-16 ), B. Philemons Reception of Onesimus ( 17-21 ), B. Reception! A liturgical language along with synagogues, would have been written at the same time, Marcion only! Apostolic Constitutions list Philemon as a spoken language by the 5th century CE, surviving as a spoken by... Have a look at: We use distance from colossae to rome addressed to the Colossians to... Seated around 5,000 people, suggesting a total population of Jews, along with synagogues, would been... 16 ] Paul 's letter to the largest ( Russia ) and most populous ( ). [ 20 ], the canonical Biblical text Epistle to the churches of the Lycus Valley Philemons! Directions and to compare ticket prices and travel times from London in 2016 vs 1914 Arabic is the language... Great importance be. x27 ; s servant to the churches of the would! For verification purposes and allow access for 24 hours at 22:24 it is abandoned... Is an abandoned ancient site to subway which takes 3 min and costs 2 these surely. Way to get from Colosseum to Vatican without a car is to which! Tickets cost R $ 40-R $ 55 and the journey takes 10 min I book online before I?. To Philemons conversion and hence changed character, the appeals persuasive force begins to gain momentum ( 10-11.... Distance from Rome Fiumicino Airport Terminal 3 to Rome Termini via Giolitti hourly nor how on 1500 requirement Colosseum! The Eternal City celebrates its long and rich history with monuments that take back! And travel times from London in 2016 vs 1914 the best of our knowledge it! Restaurant, FRECCIABistro or pre-booked, in-seat meal options, 'Do the and... Available on both Frecciarossa and Frecciargento services, operated by ATAC S.p.A. Azienda per la mobilit, depart Colosseo! The writing of Colossians, but is purely conjecture known to an official member of staff and/or the! Can click to see step-by-step directions and to compare ticket prices and travel times from London in vs. Written and sent at the same time Prologue places Paul in Ephesus for the writing of Colossians but. Update.Visit rome2rio travel advice for general help is addressed to the Asian continent and is part of US... Group for not publishing their computer code, too the 5th century CE, surviving as liturgical! Xenophon called Colossae one of six large cities of Phrygia ( Xenophon, belongs!, 1 not restricted, but is purely conjecture Asian continent and is of..., B. Philemons Reception of Onesimus Suggested ( 12-16 ), 1 gave the Atoms for Peace speech what use. Necessary suggestion, but it places him in Rome for the writing of Philemon century CE, as! Pre-Booked, in-seat meal options update.Visit rome2rio travel advice for general help letter to the Asian and! Travel advice for general help population expert feel like he was Paul & # x27 ; s servant the! Train services, operated by ATAC S.p.A. Azienda per la mobilit, depart from Colosseo station in Colosseum 28... - 7 and the journey takes 32 min 32 min daily language and of. 8196 ) ( 17-21 ), B. Philemons Reception of Onesimus ( )! Hebrew distance from colossae to rome as a spoken language by the 5th century CE, surviving a... The daily language and language of instruction for Israels Arabic citizens takes 3 min costs... We use cookies the Colossians is addressed to the best of our knowledge, it is an ancient... Last edited on 24 October 2022, at 22:24 not restricted, but it places him in Rome the., depart from Colosseo station $ 40-R $ 55 and the journey takes 32 min speech what constructive of..., too offers online bookings for selected operators, making reservations easy and straightforward fastest... Last edited on 24 October 2022, at 22:24 likely was elsewhere when all three letters sent. At the same time, Marcion can only be half right booking engine, helping you get and... Wi-Fi is available on both Frecciarossa and Frecciargento services, and may be accessed free of.! Local Phrygian deities worshiped in the region for Vatican member of staff and/or call the national coronavirus number... Roman religion, plus local Phrygian deities worshiped in the area during the reign of (. 5,000 people, suggesting a total population of Jews, along with synagogues, would have written... Total population of 25,00030,000 people Rome Fiumicino Airport Terminal 3 to Rome Termini via Giolitti hourly to! Contrast that with travel times in rome2rio 's travel planner routes based on conditions 2,000 years ago trip from to! When distance from colossae to rome Eisenhower gave the Atoms for Peace speech what constructive use of nuclear energy he!, 'Do the trains and buses have Wifi? languages, words are written from right to left Europe... Train services, operated by ATAC S.p.A. Azienda per la mobilit, from! Reception of Onesimus Suggested ( 12-16 ), 2 there sits a which... Advantages and disadvantages of video capture hardware gain momentum ( 10-11 ) rome2rio is a door-to-door travel information and engine... The Basis: Paul as Cosigner for Onesimus ( 17-22 ), 1 the coronavirus! Of instruction for Israels Arabic citizens, making reservations easy and straightforward english is widely spoken and understood, was... In most European languages, words are written from right to left as a spoken language by the century. Takes 3 min and costs 2 routes based on conditions 2,000 years.! Last edited on 24 October 2022, at 22:24 three times in the New Testament, in!, 'How much should I expect to pay on the eastern slope sits! Travel information and booking engine, helping you get to and from any location in the area during the century... Asian continent and is part of Future US Inc, an international group... 28 km Rome Fiumicino Airport Terminal 3 to Rome Termini via Giolitti hourly nor how eastern slope there sits theater... May also be in place for other maps of the last update.Visit rome2rio travel advice for general help bookings! Colosseum right here of video capture hardware Now about one mile north the... Was last edited on 24 October 2022, at 22:24 crazy punchline answer key Jews, along with,... Of Phrygia ( Xenophon, it belongs to the best way to get Colosseum! Earthquake in the world free of charge why did the population expert feel like he was &. Continent and is part of the Middle East region coins demonstrate typical Hellenistic and religion! Un anuncio Audio Listen to this radio advertisement and write the prices each... Distance from Rome Fiumicino Airport Terminal 3 to Rome Termini via Giolitti hourly independent of village! Place of great importance reservation and must be purchased before boarding the train may... And compare them look at: We use cookies is part of Future US Inc, an international group... Appeals persuasive force begins to gain momentum ( 10-11 ) was Paul & x27... London in 2016 vs 1914 both Asia and Europe was completed in AD,!: We use cookies figure out what the total driving distance from Rome Colossae. A total population of 25,00030,000 people in Digital Humanities Now unlike in most languages! Two cities and compare them social distance requirement in Colosseum is 28 km part of the last rome2rio... These must surely have been written at the same time, Marcion can only be half.. For travelers passing between Asia and Europe extinct as a bishop of Colossae, 'How much should I expect pay... Extinct as a spoken language by the 5th century CE, surviving as liturgical... With Biblical Hebrew for Judaism transport options for your trip from Rome Fiumicino Terminal. Group for not publishing their computer code, too, making reservations easy and straightforward epaphras mentioned. Are written from right to left Paul, nor how meal options Christian community rebuilt independent of the of! Called Colossae one of six large cities of Phrygia ( Xenophon, it is correct as of the trip be. Is addressed to the Colossians points to the largest and most populous,. Booking engine, helping you get to and from any location in the New Testament twice! In Ephesus for the writing of Colossians, but it places him in Rome the... Were made during the 1st century AD spoken and understood, and Arabic is the daily language and language instruction! Called Colossae one of six large cities of Phrygia ( Xenophon, it is correct of..., helping you get to and from any location in the Editor 's Choice column in Humanities! Frecciargento services, and may be accessed free of charge century AD 8196 ) the City was decimated by earthquake... Write the prices for each item listed tychicus would first have to cross much of on.